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阿泊替尼/阿维普替尼(AYVAKIT)可以治疗胃肠间质瘤?

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胃肠间质瘤(GIST)是胃肠道常见的间叶源性肿瘤,占消化道间叶肿瘤的大部分。GISTc-kit基因、CD117(酪氨激酶受体)、CD34(骨髓干细胞抗原)表达阳性。无特异性临床表现,病程可短至数天长至20年,恶性GIST病程较短,多在数月以内。常见症状有腹痛、包块及消化道出血及胃肠道梗阻等。腹腔播散可出现腹水,恶性GIST可有体重减轻、发热等症状。

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, accounting for the majority of mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. GIST was positive for c-kit gene, CD117 (tyrokinase receptor) and CD34 (bone marrow stem cell antigen). No specific clinical manifestations, the course of disease can be as short as a few days to 20 years, and the course of malignant GIST is relatively short, mostly within a few months. The common symptoms are abdominal pain, mass and gastrointestinal bleeding and gastrointestinal obstruction. Abdomitoneal spread can appear ascites, malignant GIST can have weight loss, fever and other symptoms.

 

印度代购提示您胃肠间质瘤的治疗药物有哪些?

 

伊马替尼、舒尼替尼和瑞戈非尼分别是胃肠间质瘤GIST的一、二、三线治疗药物,但PDGFRA外显子18突变,尤其是D842V突变的患者对现有靶向药物不敏感,该类患者群体治疗药物匮乏。基于对这类突变激酶构型的分析,研究者开发了强效、高选择性的Ⅰ型KITPDGFRA突变抑制剂阿泊替尼,阿泊替尼对KIT D816VPDGFRA D842V突变激酶具有强效抑制能力,为GIST的治疗增加新的选择。

 

据悉,Ⅰ期NAVIGATOR研究结果证实了其卓越的疗效,在D842V突变患者中,其高客观缓解率(ORR)令人振奋。在NAVIGATOR 研究中,阿泊替尼在PDGFRA外显子18突变患者治疗中体现了良好疗效与安全性。2019年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会报道的数据显示,PDGFRA外显子18突变患者的ORR达到了86%,一线治疗的ORR达到100%

 

20207月,NAVIGATOR研究结果在国际学术期刊《柳叶刀·肿瘤》发布,阿泊替尼用于PDGFRA D842V突变型晚期GIST患者ORR达到88%,其中9%的患者达到完全缓解(CR)。此外,D842V突变的患者,接受阿泊替尼治疗还显示出持久的临床获益:12个月持续缓解率为70%12个月无进展生存(PFS)率为81%24个月总生存(OS)率为 81%,且阿泊替尼总体耐受性良好。

 

2020 ESMO更新阿泊替尼治疗D842V突变GIST疗效,数据亮眼治疗有效的患者可以取得长期的疾病控制,接受300/400mg治疗的患者,中位缓解持续时间(DOR)达到22个月,中位PFS达到24个月,中位OS尚未达到;36个月的PFS率和OS率分别为34%71%

 

2020年初,基于NAVIGATOR研究数据,阿泊替尼获FDA批准用于PDGFRA外显子18突变不可切除或转移性GIST成人患者的治疗,为这部分患者带来了生机。目前,阿泊替尼用于GIST晚期成人患者的两个适应证上市申请也已获NMPA受理。

In early 2020, based on NAVIGATOR data, apatinib was approved by the FDA for the treatment of adults with unresectable or metastatic PDGFRA exon 18 mutations, bringing life to this subset of patients. Currently, two applications for apatinib in adults with advanced GIST have also been accepted by the NMPA.

 


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